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- Title
Seizure outcomes in patients with anti- NMDAR encephalitis: A follow-up study.
- Authors
Liu, Xu; Yan, Bo; Wang, Rui; Li, Chen; Chen, Chu; Zhou, Dong; Hong, Zhen
- Abstract
Objective To evaluate the long-term seizure outcome and potential factors associated with seizure outcome in patients with anti- N-methyl- d-aspartate receptor (anti- NMDAR) encephalitis. Methods In the setting of a prospective, single-center, longitudinal cohort study, 109 patients were evaluated with ongoing follow-up. Patients underwent clinical evaluation every 3 months. Seizure outcomes and the potential risk factors were assessed with a median follow-up of 24 months (6-60 months). Results Of 109 patients (47 men; 62 women) with anti- NMDAR encephalitis, 88 patients (80.7%) had reported seizures at acute phase, including single seizure (17/88, 19.3%), repetitive seizures (27/88, 30.7%), nonrefractory status epilepticus (22/88, 25%), refractory status epilepticus (SE; 13/88, 14.8%), and super refractory status epilepticus (9/88, 10.2%). Seizure was more likely to recur in patients with tumor presence, status epilepticus ( SE) development, coma, or intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the acute phase (p < 0.05). Seizure freedom was achieved within 2 years in all patients. More than 80% of the whole cohort with acute seizures had their last seizure within 6 months of disease onset. Significance Seizure is a common feature in the acute stage of anti- NMDAR encephalitis but not thereafter. The presence of tumor, SE, coma, and/or ICU admission in the acute phase predicts early seizure occurrence after the acute phase. Seizure freedom was typically achieved in our follow-up, and long-term use of antiepileptic drugs may not be necessary.
- Subjects
ANTICONVULSANTS; METHYL aspartate receptors; ENCEPHALITIS; EPILEPSY; SEIZURES (Medicine); COMA
- Publication
Epilepsia (Series 4), 2017, Vol 58, Issue 12, p2104
- ISSN
0013-9580
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/epi.13929