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- Title
Evaluation of Three Human Cervical Fusion Implants for Use in the Canine Cervical Vertebral Column.
- Authors
Morrison, Emily J.; Litsky, Alan S.; Allen, Matthew J.; Fosgate, Geoffrey T.; Hettlich, Bianca F.
- Abstract
Objective To assess technical feasibility and mechanical properties of 3 locking plate designs (Zero-P, Zero-P VA, and Uniplate 2) for use in the canine cervical spine. Study Design Prospective ex vivo study. Animals Cadaver cervical spines from skeletally mature large breed dogs (n = 18). Methods Specimens were screened using radiography and allocated into balanced groups based on bone density. Stiffness of intact C4-C5 vertebral motion units was measured in extension, flexion, and lateral bending using nondestructive 4-point bend testing. Uniplate 2 was then implanted at C4-C5 and mechanical testing was repeated. Mechanical test data were compared against those from 6 spines implanted with monocortical screws, an allograft ring spacer, and PMMA. Results The Zero-P and Zero-P VA systems could not be surgically implanted due to anatomical constraints in the vertebral column sizes of the canine cervical spines used in this study. Fixation with Uniplate 2 or with screws/PMMA significantly increased stiffness of the C4-C5 vertebral motion units compared to unaltered specimens ( P < .001) in extension. Stiffness of the titanium screw/PMMA fixation was significantly greater than the Uniplate 2 construct in extension. Flexion and lateral bending could not be evaluated in 3 of 6 specimens in the Uniplate 2 group due to failure at the bone/implant interface during extension testing. Conclusion Fixation with Uniplate 2 was biomechanically inferior to screws/PMMA. Particularly concerning was the incidence of vertebral fracture after several testing cycles. Based on our results, Zero-P, Zero-P VA, and Uniplate 2 cannot be recommended for use in dogs requiring cervical fusion.
- Publication
Veterinary Surgery, 2016, Vol 45, Issue 7, p901
- ISSN
0161-3499
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/vsu.12536