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- Title
Outcome One Year after Acetabular Rim Extension Using a Customized Titanium Implant for Treating Hip Dysplasia in Dogs.
- Authors
Kwananocha, Irin; Magré, Joëll; Kamali, Amir; Verseijden, Femke; Willemsen, Koen; Ji, Yuntao; van der Wal, Bart C. H.; Sakkers, Ralph J. B.; Tryfonidou, Marianna A.; Meij, Björn P.
- Abstract
Simple Summary: Hip dysplasia is prevalent among young dogs, affecting approximately 16% of the overall dog population, causing pain and exercise intolerance, and potentially leading to severe osteoarthritis. Current surgical interventions, such as pelvic osteotomies and total hip replacement, have limitations and a high level of complications. To address this, a personalized 3D-printed titanium implant was developed for dorsal acetabular rim extension (ACE-X), enhancing hip joint coverage and reducing hip laxity. In a previous short-term study spanning 3 months, the ACE-X implant demonstrated promising results: improved femoral head coverage, decreased pain-related activities based on owner questionnaires, and facilitated rapid recovery. This study aimed to offer a thorough analysis of clinical outcomes after a one-year follow-up period. The analysis encompassed radiographic measurements, force plate analysis, owner questionnaires, and an assessment of bone–implant osseointegration, as well as the identification and documentation of any complications encountered during the study period. By evaluating the long-term efficacy and safety of the ACE-X implant, this research contributes valuable insights into the management of hip dysplasia in dogs, potentially offering a novel and effective treatment option for this prevalent orthopedic condition. The acetabular rim extension (ACE-X) implant is a custom-made three-dimensionally printed titanium device designed for the treatment of canine hip dysplasia. In this study, 34 dogs (61 hips) underwent ACE-X implantation, and assessments were conducted using computed tomography, force plate analysis, Ortolani's test, and the Helsinki chronic pain index (HCPI) questionnaires at five intervals: the pre-operative day, the surgery day, and the 1.5-month, 3-month, and 12-month follow-ups. Statistically significant increases in femoral head coverage with a negative Ortolani subluxation test were observed immediately after surgery and persisted throughout the study. Osteoarthritis (OA) scores remained stable, but osteophyte size significantly increased between the surgery day and the 12-month follow-up, especially in hips with a baseline OA score of 2 compared to those with a score of 1. The force plate data showed no significant changes during the study. The HCPI demonstrated a significant decrease in pain score from pre-operative value to six-week follow-up and gradually decreased over time. Major complications were identified in six hips (9.8%) of four dogs. In conclusion, the ACE-X implant effectively increased femoral head coverage, eliminated subluxation, and provided long-term pain relief with minimal complications, benefiting over 90% of the study population. The study supports the ACE-X implant as a valuable alternative treatment for canine hip dysplasia.
- Subjects
TOTAL hip replacement; FEMUR head; HIP joint; COMPUTED tomography; DYSPLASIA; ANALGESIA; OSSEOINTEGRATION
- Publication
Animals (2076-2615), 2024, Vol 14, Issue 16, p2385
- ISSN
2076-2615
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ani14162385