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- Title
Effects of irradiated tumor vaccine and infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-12 on established gliomas in rats.
- Authors
Jin-Cherng Chen; Yun Chen; Jiann-Ming Wu; Yen-Hao Su; Kuo-Feng Tai; Sheng-Hong Tseng
- Abstract
Purpose: We investigated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) infused into the injection site of irradiated tumor vaccine (TV) as therapy for gliomas. Methods: Rats with subcutaneous RT-2 gliomas were treated with irradiated TV and/or subcutaneous infusion of GM-CSF and/or IL-12 via osmotic minipump 5 days after tumor-cell inoculation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cell activity were analyzed to investigate immune responses. Rats with intracerebral gliomas were treated with irradiated TV and infused GM-CSF/IL-12 3 days after tumor-cell inoculation. Tumor growth rates and animal survival were followed. Survivors were re-challenged with wild-type RT-2 cells subcutaneously or intracerebrally to study long-term anti-tumor immunity. Results: Rats with subcutaneous gliomas treated with GM-CSF and IL-12 or TV plus GM-CSF or IL-12 did not have increased survival rate ( P>0.2), but did have prolonged survival time ( P<0.05); in contrast, rats treated with TV plus GM-CSF/IL-12 had increased survival rate ( P<0.05) and prolonged survival time ( P<0.05) compared with controls. These treatment strategies showed enhanced CTL and NK cell activities. Rats with intra-cerebral gliomas treated with TV plus GM-CSF/IL-12 did not have increased survival rate ( P=0.11), but did have prolonged survival time ( P<0.0001). Survivors in each group were re-challenged with wild-type RT-2 cells, and all had long-term survival. Conclusions: Irradiated TV plus continuous localized infusion of GM-CSF/IL-12 may induce a tumor-specific anti-tumor immune response on established subcutaneous or intra-cerebral gliomas, and such a treatment strategy deserves consideration as adjuvant treatment for glioma.
- Subjects
CANCER vaccines; INTERLEUKIN-12; CYTOKINES; INTERLEUKINS; COLONY-stimulating factors (Physiology)
- Publication
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, 2006, Vol 55, Issue 7, p873
- ISSN
0340-7004
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00262-005-0077-7