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- Title
Two new parrotfishes of the genus Scarus from the Central and South Pacific, with further examples of sexual dichromatism.
- Authors
RANDALL, JOHN E.; CHOAT, J. HOWARD
- Abstract
Scarus lauia (Jordan & Evermann) and Scarus formosus Valenciennes are junior synonyms oi Scarus dubius Bennett, the former based on the terminal phase and the latter on the initial phase. Scarus dubius is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, one of five species of the genus in these islands. The initial phase of Scarus fiavipectoralis Schultz is grey to brown with whitish streaks on the abdomen, a dark caudal fin and yellow at the pectoral base. The range of this species is extended from the Philippines to the Marshall, Solomon, and Caroline Islands and the Great Barrier Reef. Scarusfasciatus Valenciennes is a junior svnonym of of the western Pacific 5. rivulatus Valenciennes. The initial phase is grey to brown with three pale stripes on the abdomen. Scarus lepidus Jenyns is a junior synonym of the wide-ranging Indo-Pacific S. globiceps Valenciennes. The initial phase is coloured like that of S. rivulatus. Scarus janthochir Bleeker, S. chlorodon Jenyns, and S. singaporensis Bleeker are junior synonyms of 5. prasiognathos Valenciennes; it occurs from the western Pacific to the Maldive Islands. Scarus elerae Jordan & Seale and S. urbanus (Smith) are junior synonyms of the wide-ranging Indo-Pacific S. tricolor Bleeker based on the terminal phase. Scarus dimidiatus Bleeker occurs in the western Pacific east to Samoa. Its initial phase, very similar to that of the western Indian Ocean S. scaber, is yellowish, shading to whitish ventrally, with five slightly diagonal dark bars on the upper half of the body. Callyodon mutabilis Gray is a junior synonym of S. quoyi Valenciennes. Scarus spinus (Kner) is the valid name for the distinctive bullet-headed parrotfish with a greenish yellow snout which was misidentified as S.formosus by Schultz. The initial phase is dark brown with pale bars. The terminal phase of the Pacific parrotfish Scarus schlegeli Bleeker is distinctive in possessing a pale bar on the side (yellow dorsally, light green ventrally). The drab initial phase with alternating dark and light bars was misidentified as S. venosus Valenciennes by Schultz, a junior synonym of S. psittacus Forsskǎl. The terminal phase of the western Pacific Scarus bleekeri de Beaufort has a characteristic large whitish patch bordered with blue-green on the cheek. The initial phase is dark brown, the edges of the scales narrowly orangish, shading to orange-red ventrally, with faint yellowish bars, caudal peduncle and caudal fin. A closely related species from Indonesia and the Andaman Sea is tentatively identified as 5. troschelii Bleeker. The terminal phase has a band of blue-green curving from the corner of the mouth to below the eye and back down to the pectoral base. Scarus japanensis (Bloch), identified in most recent papers as S. capistratoides Bleeker, is the terminal phase and senior synonym of the dark brown, red-tailed S. pyrrhurus (Jordan & Seale); it is restricted to the western Pacific (easternmost record, Samoa). Scarus gibbus Ruppell is differentiated into three populations based on colour. Scarus koputea sp. nov., unique in having four rows of scales on the cheek, is described from the Marquesas Islands. Scarus longipinnis sp. nov. is described from Pitcairn, Rapa, and the Capricorn Group of the Great Barrier Reef; its pelvic lins are longer and the dorsal fin more elevated than other Scarus.
- Publication
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 1980, Vol 70, Issue 4, p383
- ISSN
0024-4082
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1096-3642.1980.tb00856.x