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- Title
Improvement of Learning and Memory in Senescence-Accelerated Mice by S-Allylcysteine in Mature Garlic Extract.
- Authors
Hashimoto, Masakazu; Nakai, Tsuyoshi; Masutani, Teruaki; Unno, Keiko; Akao, Yukihiro
- Abstract
S-allylcysteine (SAC), a major thioallyl compound contained in mature garlic extract (MGE), is known to be a neuroactive compound. This study was designed to investigate the effects of SAC on primary cultured hippocampal neurons and cognitively impaired senescence-accelerated mice prone 10 (SAMP10). Treatment of these neurons with MGE or SAC significantly increased the total neurite length and number of dendrites. SAMP10 mice fed MGE or SAC showed a significant improvement in memory dysfunction in pharmacological behavioral analyses. The decrease of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and phosphorylated α-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the hippocampal tissue of SAMP10 mice fed MGE or SAC was significantly suppressed, especially in the MGE-fed group. These findings suggest that SAC positively contributes to learning and memory formation, having a beneficial effect on brain function. In addition, multiple components (aside from SAC) contained in MGE could be useful for improving cognitive function by acting as neurotrophic factors.
- Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of garlic; ANIMAL experimentation; CELL receptors; COGNITION; COGNITION disorders; DENDRITIC cells; DRUGS; GARLIC; LEARNING; MEMORY; MEMORY disorders; MICE; NEURONS; NEUROTRANSMITTERS; PROTEIN kinases; PLANT extracts; TREATMENT effectiveness; PHARMACODYNAMICS
- Publication
Nutrients, 2020, Vol 12, Issue 6, p1834
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu12061834