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- Title
Human activated macrophages and hypoxia: a comprehensive review of the literature.
- Authors
Sotoodehnejadnematalahi, Fattah; Burke, Bernard
- Abstract
Macrophages accumulate in poorly vascularised and hypoxic sites including solid tumours, wounds and sites of infection and inflammation where they can be exposed to low levels of oxygen for long periods. Up to date, different studies have shown that a number of transcription factors are activated by hypoxia which in turn activate a broad array of mitogenic, pro-invasive, proangiogenic, and pro-metastatic genes. On the other hand, macrophages respond to hypoxia by upregulating several genes which are chief factors in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Therefore, in this review article we focus mainly on the role of macrophages during inflammation and discuss their response to hypoxia by regulating a diverse array of transcription factors. We also review the existing literatures on hypoxia and its cellular and molecular mechanism which mediates macrophages activation.
- Subjects
MACROPHAGES; HYPOXEMIA; NEOPLASTIC cell transformation; NEOVASCULARIZATION; TRANSCRIPTION factors
- Publication
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2014, Vol 17, Issue 11, p820
- ISSN
2008-3866
- Publication type
Article