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- Title
Oridonin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced ROS Accumulation and Inflammation in HK-2 Cells.
- Authors
Huang, Jen-Hsuan; Lan, Chou-Chin; Hsu, Ya-Ting; Tsai, Cheng-Lin; Tzeng, I-Shiang; Wang, Po; Kuo, Chan-Yen; Hsieh, Po-Chun
- Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial inflammation plays an important role in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inflammation reduction is a good strategy to combat CKD. Oridonin, an ent-kaurane diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens (Donglingcao), is considered as an effective natural candidate for the treatment of anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial activities, including liver fibrosis and many tumors; however, no study has demonstrated its effect on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced renal inflammation. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of oridonin on human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells), the expression levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated by Western blot analysis and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining, respectively. The level of intracellular ROS increased in a dose-dependent manner following LPS treatment, whereas oridonin inhibited this effect, suggestive of its ability to prevent ROS accumulation. As the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family of enzymes plays an important role in physiological responses, we examined the activation of JNK by Western blotting and found that oridonin attenuated LPS-induced JNK phosphorylation. Oridonin also attenuated RAW 264.7 cell chemotaxis towards LPS-treated HK-2 cells. Taken together, oridonin protected against LPS-induced inflammation including ROS accumulation, JNK activation, NF-κB nuclear translocation in HK-2 cells, and functionally blocked macrophage chemotaxis towards LPS-treated HK-2 cells. Oridonin may exhibit therapeutic potential by the anti-inflammation effect in LPS-treated HK-2 cells.
- Subjects
REACTIVE oxygen species; ANTI-inflammatory agents; CHRONIC kidney failure; EPITHELIAL cells; GENE expression; HERBAL medicine; INFLAMMATION; STAINS &; staining (Microscopy); TERPENES; TRANSFERASES; WESTERN immunoblotting; DNA-binding proteins; PLANT extracts; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; PHARMACODYNAMICS
- Publication
Evidence-based Complementary & Alternative Medicine (eCAM), 2020, Vol 2020, p1
- ISSN
1741-427X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1155/2020/9724520