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- Title
Antibacterial Activity Of Salvadora persica Against Porphyromonas gingivalis And Streptococcus mutans.
- Authors
Zaharah Salehuddin, Nur Fatimah; Hanafiah, Rohazila Mohamad; Abd Ghafar, Siti Aisyah; Ramli, Haslinda; Said, Shahida Mohd
- Abstract
Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) are Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. They are most implicated in periodontal disease. Salvadora persica or miswak is very popular as an effective tool used in Africa, South America, Middle East and Asia for oral hygiene. It is presently acknowledged as significantly due to the presence of biological active compounds that inhibited the growth of bacteria. Thus, the main objective of this study is to determine the antibacterial activities of S. persica against P. gingivalis and S. mutans. Methods: Sequential extractions of S. persica were conducted using five types of different solvents (n-hexane, dichloromethane, acetone, ethanol and methanol). The antibacterial activities were performed by disc diffusion assay (DDA), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and biofilm assay against P. gingivalis and S. mutans, using chlorohexidine (positive control) and dimethyl sulfoxide (negative control). Results: There are significant differences between different types of S. persica extracts and diameter of inhibition zone for P. gingivalis and S. mutans (p < 0.001). When compared between 0.2% chlorohexidine and S. persica extract, chlorohexidine has superior effect against P. gingivalis and S. mutans. Conclusion: As an alternative to chlorohexidine, S. persica extract can be recommended for oral hygiene because it has antibacterial properties that can inhibit the growth of oral pathogen.
- Subjects
MIDDLE East; STREPTOCOCCUS mutans; PORPHYROMONAS gingivalis; ANTIBACTERIAL agents; CARIOGENIC agents; GRAM-positive bacteria; GRAM-negative bacteria
- Publication
Malaysian Journal of Medicine & Health Sciences, 2022, Vol 18, p111
- ISSN
1675-8544
- Publication type
Abstract