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- Title
Association of alcohol dehydrogenase 2*1 allele with liver damage and insulin concentration in the Japanese.
- Authors
Suzuki, Yoshihiko; Ando, Fujiko; Ohsawa, Ikuroh; Shimokata, Hiroshi; Ohta, Shigeo
- Abstract
The Japanese have a polymorphism in the alcohol dehydrogenase 2 gene ( ADH2). The alleles of ADH2 ( ADH2*1 and ADH2*2) encode more active and less active forms for ethanol metabolism, respectively. We examined whether liver damage and the insulin–glucose axis vary according to ADH2 genotype in the Japanese. The 2,232 subjects (1,126 men and 1,106 women) were recruited from a population-based prospective cohort study. Clinical evaluations including alcohol consumption, percentage of alcohol drinkers, plasma glucose, HbA1c, insulin, AST, ALT, γ-GTP, and prevalence of diabetes were compared among the ADH2 genotypes. The percentage of drinkers, alcohol consumption, AST, ALT, and γ-GTP were higher in group ADH2*1/ 1 than in group ADH2*1/ 2 or ADH2*2/ 2 (all P<0.05). Hence, ADH2*1/ 1 is associated with excess alcohol intake and liver disorders. However, the prevalence of diabetes did not differ among the three groups. For the glucose–insulin axis, we examined subjects who did not receive insulin therapy or oral anti-diabetes medication. While amounts of alcohol consumed and glucose levels were nearly the same between ADH*1/ 2 and ADH2*2/ 2, insulin concentrations were lower in ADH2*2/ 1 than in ADH2*2/ 2 ( P<0.05 in men). This finding suggests that the ADH2*1 allele is associated with a lower insulin concentration when alcohol intake is light or moderate. It also suggests that the genetic effect of ADH2*1 plays an important role in alcohol drinking behavior and in the occurrence of liver injury, but the effect is so mild that it does not influence the glucose–insulin axis or prevalence of diabetes.
- Subjects
ALCOHOL dehydrogenase; JAPANESE people; INSULIN; LIVER; GENETIC polymorphisms; GLUCOSE; DIABETES
- Publication
Journal of Human Genetics, 2006, Vol 51, Issue 1, p31
- ISSN
1434-5161
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10038-005-0318-9