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- Title
Coronavirus Antibody Responses before COVID-19 Pandemic, Africa and Thailand.
- Authors
Yifan Li; Merbah, Mélanie; Wollen-Roberts, Suzanne; Beckman, Bradley; Mdluli, Thembi; Swafford, Isabella; Mayer, Sandra V.; King, Jocelyn; Corbitt, Courtney; Currier, Jeffrey R.; Liu, Heather; Esber, Allahna; Pinyakorn, Suteeraporn; Parikh, Ajay; Francisco, Leilani V.; Phanuphak, Nittaya; Maswai, Jonah; Owuoth, John; Kibuuka, Hannah; Iroezindu, Michael
- Abstract
Prior immune responses to coronaviruses might affect human SARS-CoV-2 response. We screened 2,565 serum and plasma samples collected from 2013 through early 2020, before the COVID-19 pandemic began, from 2,250 persons in 4 countries in Africa (Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda) and in Thailand, including persons living with HIV-1. We detected IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) subunit 2 protein in 1.8% of participants. Profiling against 23 coronavirus antigens revealed that responses to S, subunit 2, or subunit 1 proteins were significantly more frequent than responses to the receptor-binding domain, S-Trimer, or nucleocapsid proteins (p<0.0001). We observed similar responses in persons with or without HIV-1. Among all coronavirus antigens tested, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody responses were much higher in participants from Africa than in participants from Thailand (p<0.01). We noted less pronounced differences for endemic coronaviruses. Serosurveys could affect vaccine and monoclonal antibody distribution across global populations.
- Publication
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2022, Vol 28, Issue 11, p2214
- ISSN
1080-6040
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3201/eid2811.221041