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- Title
Detection of small drizzle droplets in a large cloud chamber using ultra high-resolution radar.
- Authors
Zeen Zhu; Fan Yang; Kollias, Pavlos; Shaw, Raymond A.; Kostinski, Alex B.; Krueger, Steve; Lamer, Katia; Allwayin, Nithin; Oue, Mariko
- Abstract
A large convection cloud chamber has the potential to produce drizzle-sized droplets, thus offering a new opportunity to investigate aerosol-cloud-drizzle interactions at a fundamental level under controlled environmental conditions. One key measurement requirement is the development of methods to detect the low concentration drizzle drops in such a large cloud chamber. In particular, remote sensing methods may overcome some limitations of in situ methods. Here, the potential of an ultra-high-resolution radar to detect the radar return signal of a small drizzle droplet against the cloud droplet background signal is investigated. It is found that using a small sampling volume is critical to drizzle detection in a cloud chamber to allow a drizzle drop in the radar sampling volume to dominate over the background cloud droplets signal. For instance, a radar volume of 1 cubic centimeter (cm³) would enable the detection of drizzle embryos with diameter larger than 40 µm. However, the probability of drizzle sampling also decreases as the sample volume reduces, leading to a longer observation time. Thus, the selection of radar volume should consider both of the signal power and the drizzle occurrence probability. Finally, observations from the Pi Convection-Cloud Chamber are used to demonstrate the single drizzle particle detection concept using small radar volume. The results presented in this study also suggest new applications of ultra-high-resolution cloud radar for atmospheric sensing.
- Subjects
CLOUD droplets; REMOTE sensing; CLOUD computing
- Publication
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions, 2023, p1
- ISSN
1867-8610
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5194/amt-2023-218