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- Title
Therapeutic Implications for Overcoming Radiation Resistance in Cancer Therapy.
- Authors
Byeong Mo Kim; Yunkyung Hong; Seunghoon Lee; Pengda Liu; Ji Hong Lim; Yong Heon Lee; Tae Ho Lee; Kyu Tae Chang; Yonggeun Hong
- Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR), such as X-rays and gamma (γ)-rays, mediates various forms of cancer cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, mitotic catastrophe, and senescence. Among them, apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe are the main mechanisms of IR action. DNA damage and genomic instability contribute to IR-induced cancer cell death. Although IR therapy may be curative in a number of cancer types, the resistance of cancer cells to radiation remains a major therapeutic problem. In this review, we describe the morphological and molecular aspects of various IR-induced types of cell death. We also discuss cytogenetic variations representative of IR-induced DNA damage and genomic instability. Most importantly, we focus on several pathways and their associated marker proteins responsible for cancer resistance and its therapeutic implications in terms of cancer cell death of various types and characteristics. Finally, we propose radiation-sensitization strategies, such as the modification of fractionation, inflammation, and hypoxia and the combined treatment, that can counteract the resistance of tumors to IR.
- Subjects
CANCER treatment; IONIZING radiation; CELL death; DNA damage; NECROSIS; PREVENTION
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2015, Vol 16, Issue 11, p26880
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms161125991