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- Title
High butyric acid amounts induce oxidative stress, alter calcium homeostasis, and cause neurite retraction in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells.
- Authors
Cueno, Marni; Kamio, Noriaki; Seki, Keisuke; Kurita-Ochiai, Tomoko; Ochiai, Kuniyasu
- Abstract
Butyric acid (BA) is a common secondary metabolite by-product produced by oral pathogenic bacteria and is detected in high amounts in the gingival tissue of patients with periodontal disease. Previous works have demonstrated that BA can cause oxidative stress in various cell types; however, this was never explored using neuronal cells. Here, we exposed nerve growth factor (NGF)-treated PC12 cells to varying BA concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 5.0 mM). We measured total heme, HO, catalase, and calcium levels through biochemical assays and visualized the neurite outgrowth after BA treatment. Similarly, we determined the effects of other common periodontal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on neurite outgrowth for comparison. We found that high (1.0 and 5.0 mM) BA concentrations induced oxidative stress and altered calcium homeostasis, whereas low (0.5 mM) BA concentration had no significant effect. Moreover, compared to other SCFAs, we established that only BA was able to induce neurite retraction.
- Subjects
BUTYRIC acid; OXIDATIVE stress; HOMEOSTASIS; NERVE growth factor; PATHOGENIC bacteria; PERIODONTAL disease; NOGO protein; PATIENTS; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Cell Stress & Chaperones, 2015, Vol 20, Issue 4, p709
- ISSN
1355-8145
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s12192-015-0584-1