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- Title
Human milk oligosaccharide composition following supplementation with folic acid vs (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid during pregnancy and mediation by human milk folate forms.
- Authors
Cochrane, Kelsey M.; Bone, Jeffrey N.; Karakochuk, Crystal D.; Bode, Lars
- Abstract
Supplementation with folic acid versus (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHF) results in different folate forms in human milk, with folic acid increasing unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) at the expense of reduced folate forms. It is unknown whether folate forms present in human milk have further effects on human milk composition, such as human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) concentrations. We randomized 60 pregnant women in Canada to 0.6 mg/day folic acid or (6S)-5-MTHF. Human milk folate forms (LC-MS/MS) and nineteen HMOs (HPLC) were quantified at 1 week postpartum. Linear regression and causal mediation analysis were used to evaluate the effect of folate supplementation on HMO concentrations, and possible mediation by concentrations of UMFA and reduced folate forms in human milk (controlling for secretor status and parity). HMO concentrations were not different between groups, with no evidence of mediation by reduced folate forms; however, increased UMFA was associated with reduced concentrations of total HMOs and 3'-sialyllactose.
- Subjects
RESEARCH funding; FOLIC acid; STATISTICAL sampling; BREAST milk; TREATMENT effectiveness; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; LIQUID chromatography; MASS spectrometry; FACTOR analysis; COMPARATIVE studies; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; DIETARY supplements; COENZYMES; REGRESSION analysis; METABOLISM; PREGNANCY
- Publication
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2024, Vol 78, Issue 4, p351
- ISSN
0954-3007
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41430-023-01376-7