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- Title
Dermatological manifestations of individuals infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I).
- Authors
Dantas, Lorena; Netto, Eduardo; Glesby, Marshall J.; Carvalho, Edgar M.; Machado, Paulo
- Abstract
Background Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with specific manifestations such as adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia ( ATLL), HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis ( HAM/ TSP), HTLV-I-associated uveitis, and infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-I ( IDH). Although ATLL and IDH are considered specific manifestations of HTLV-I infection, several dermatological manifestations have been described in HTLV-I seropositive patients. Objectives This study was conducted to determine the prevalences of skin lesions in patients infected with HTLV-I in an area of Brazil endemic for HTLV-I infection and to compare these prevalences with those in seronegative individuals in the same region. Methods A prevalence study was conducted between 2008 and 2010 with two groups of individuals comprising, respectively, 179 HTLV-I seropositive (positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ ELISA] and positive Western blot analysis) and 193 HTLV-I seronegative individuals ( ELISA-negative). The subjects were selected on a random basis and evaluated using a questionnaire to obtain epidemiological and clinical data. A physical examination was performed to verify the presence of skin lesions. Results Superficial mycoses were found in 54 (30.2%) seropositive subjects and in 26 (13.5%) of the seronegative group ( P < 0.001). Xerosis was found in 39.1% of HTLV-I infected subjects and in 9.3% of seronegative controls ( P < 0.001). Ichthyosis was diagnosed in nine (5.0%) HTLV-I seropositive subjects but in none of the control group ( P = 0.001). A diagnosis of seborrheic dermatitis was made in 43 (24.0%) HTLV-I infected subjects and in 24 (12.4%) seronegative controls ( P = 0.004). Furthermore, dermatological manifestations were more intense in the HTLV-I seropositive group. Conclusions Several dermatological manifestations are more common and more severe in HTLV-I seropositive subjects. The presence of these manifestations in an area endemic for HTLV-I infection may provide some clues in the investigation of this infection.
- Subjects
HTLV; LYMPHOMAS; PARAPARESIS; UVEITIS; HIV-positive persons; SKIN inflammation; HTLV diseases
- Publication
International Journal of Dermatology, 2014, Vol 53, Issue 9, p1098
- ISSN
0011-9059
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/ijd.12170