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- Title
The c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase BifA regulates biofilm development in P seudomonas putida.
- Authors
Jiménez-Fernández, Alicia; López-Sánchez, Aroa; Calero, Patricia; Govantes, Fernando
- Abstract
We previously showed the isolation of biofilm-persistent P seudomonas putida mutants that fail to undergo biofilm dispersal upon entry in stationary phase. Two such mutants were found to bear insertions in PP0914, encoding a GGDEF/EAL domain protein with high similarity to P seudomonas aeruginosa BifA. Here we show the phenotypic characterization of a Δ bifA mutant in P . putida KT2442. This mutant displayed increased biofilm and pellicle formation, cell aggregation in liquid medium and decreased starvation-induced biofilm dispersal relative to the wild type. Unlike its P . aeruginosa counterpart, P . putida BifA did not affect swarming motility. The hyperadherent phenotype of the Δ bifA mutant correlates with a general increase in cyclic diguanylate ( c-di-GMP) levels, Congo Red-binding exopolysaccharide production and transcription of the adhesin-encoding lapA gene. Integrity of the EAL motif and a modified GGDEF motif (altered to GGDQF) were crucial for BifA activity, and c-di-GMP depletion by overexpression of a heterologous c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase in the Δ bifA mutant restored wild-type biofilm dispersal and lapA expression. Our results indicate that BifA is a phosphodiesterase involved in the regulation of the c-di-GMP pool and required for the generation of the low c-di-GMP signal that triggers starvation-induced biofilm dispersal.
- Subjects
GUANOSINE monophosphate phosphodiesterase; BIOFILMS; PSEUDOMONAS putida; BACTERIAL mutation; GENETIC mutation; CELL aggregation
- Publication
Environmental Microbiology Reports, 2015, Vol 7, Issue 1, p78
- ISSN
1758-2229
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/1758-2229.12153