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- Title
Long-Term Metal-Content Changes in Soils on the Olkusz Zn-Pb Ore-Bearing Area, Poland.
- Authors
Gruszecka-Kosowska, Agnieszka; Kicińska, Alicja
- Abstract
Long-term changes of As, Cd, Fe, Pb, Tl, Zn, Cl, SO , and PO contents were calculated in topsoil samples and soil profiles in the vicinity of the Zn-Pb mine and processing plant at Bukowno, Poland. Evaluations were based on research results obtained in 1994-2014. Soil was described on the basis of hand specimens for which the following were determined: active and potential pH, organic matter content, moisture content, buffer properties, total metal content (HCl+HNO 3:1), forms of binding metals (using the BCR sequential extraction procedure), metal bioavailability (extraction by the 0.05 M EDTA solution), and water leaching of metals. Soil contamination was determined by the contamination factor and the pollution load index. The potential environmental risk was determined by the risk assessment code (RAC). Twenty-year-long research demonstrated the trend of decreasing metal content in topsoil. The sampling sites, selected in close vicinity of the flotation tailings dump, showed increasing contents of As, Pb, and Cd. The metal content in soil profiles revealed a significant decrease with time. Metal bioavailability, tested in all soil samples, indicated that the exchangeable forms were carriers of mainly Cd (up to 83%), Zn (up to 72%), and Pb (up to 60%) (the proportions refer to total metal contents), whereas As, Fe, and Tl were bound either with hardly movable forms or remained in the extraction residuum. The RAC showed medium to high environmental risks in soils, caused by the presence of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Tl.
- Subjects
TOPSOIL; HUMUS analysis; SOIL leaching measurement; ENVIRONMENTAL management; POLLUTION prevention
- Publication
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2017, Vol 11, Issue 3, p359
- ISSN
1735-6865
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s41742-017-0033-3