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- Title
Expression of Neurotrophic Factors and Neuropeptide Receptors by Langerhans Cells and the Langerhans Cell-Like Cell Line XS52: Further Support for a Functional Relationship Between Langerhans Cells and Epidermal Nerves.
- Authors
Torii, Hideshi; Yan, Zengmin; Hosoi, Junichi; Granstein, Richard D.
- Abstract
Epidermal Langerhans cells are frequently anatomically associated with calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerves. Furthermore, calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits Langerhans cells antigen-presenting function in several assays. Studies were performed to further explore the hypothesis that Langerhans cells and nerves have a functional relationship. To examine whether Langerhans cells may produce factors that influence nerve cell differentiation, we utilized the Langerhans cell-like cell line XS52 as a surrogate for Langerhans cells and compared it with Langerhans cells enriched to 90%. Supernatants conditioned by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated XS52 cells were able to induce the differentiation of the pheochromocytoma line PC12 into sympathetic neuron-like cells. This was also the case with enriched Langerhans cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Pre- treatment of conditioned supernatants with specific neutralizing anti-sera indicated that most of the differentiation-inducing activity was due to interleukin-6 and a small amount was due to nerve growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. By reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, three clones of the XS52 cell line, XS52-4D, XS52-11D, and XS52-8B, were found to express mRNA for interleukin-6 and expression was markedly augmented by lipopolysaccharide. mRNA for nerve growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor was detected in XS52-4D and XSS2-11D, but not in XS52-8B. The expression of these neurotrophic factors by enriched Langerhans cells was quite similar to that of XS52-4D. In order to examine whether Langerhans cells may express receptors for nerve-derived peptides, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was employed to look for pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type I, type II, and type III, and gastrin-releasing peptide receptors. These results suggest bidirectional signalling between Langerhans cells and nerves; nerve cells may regulate Langerhans cell function by elaboration of certain neuropeptides whereas by elaboration of interleukin-6 and, possibly, other factors.
- Subjects
LANGERHANS cells; NEUROPEPTIDES; CALCITONIN; CELL differentiation; POLYSACCHARIDES; HYPOTHESIS
- Publication
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1997, Vol 109, Issue 4, p586
- ISSN
0022-202X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/1523-1747.ep12337516