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- Title
Biology and Host Range of Tecmessa elegans (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), a Leaf-Feeding Moth Evaluated as a Potential Biological Control Agent for Schinus terebinthifolius (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) in the United States.
- Authors
OLEIRO, MARINA; MC KAY, FERNANDO; WHEELER, GREGORY S.
- Abstract
During surveys for natural enemies that could be used as classical biological control agents of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Brazilian pepper), tbe caterpillar, Tecmessa elegans Schaus (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), was recorded feeding on the leaves of the shrub in South America. The biology and larval and adult host range of this species were examined to determine the insect's suitability for biological control of this invasive weed in North America and Hawaii. Biological observations indicate that tbe larvae have five instars. When disturbed, tbe late instar larvae emit formic acid from a pro thoracic gland that may protect larvae from generalist predators. Larval host range tests conducted both in South and North America indicated that this species feeds and completes development primarily on members of the Anacardiaceae within the tribe Rhoeae. Oviposition tests indicated that when given a choice in large cages the adults will select the target weed over pistacia spa. However, considering the many valued plant species in its host range, especially several North American natives, this species will not be considered further for biological control of S. terebinthifolius in North America.
- Subjects
UNITED States; BRAZILIAN pepper tree; LEPIDOPTERA; PREDATORY animals; SAPINDALES; ANACARDIACEAE; MOTHS
- Publication
Environmental Entomology, 2011, Vol 40, Issue 3, p605
- ISSN
0046-225X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1603/EN10254