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- Title
ETHNIC-RACIAL SOCIALIZATION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR ETHNIC MINORITY CHILDREN'S ADJUSTMENT IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD.
- Authors
Csizmadia, Annamaria; Kaneakua, Jessica P.; Miller, Monica; Halgunseth, Linda C.
- Abstract
This chapter describes the concept of ethnic-racial socialization and discusses its implications for ethnic minority children's adjustment with a special focus on middle childhood. Through verbal and non-verbal messages parents transmit knowledge about their culture to their offpsring, promote development of a positive ethnic-racial selfconcept, and prepare children for challenges associated with their race status. Types of socialization strategies include cultural socialization, preparation for bias, promotion of mistrust, egalitarism and silence about race. Research indicates similarities and differences across ethnic groups regarding the prevalence of these socialization strategies. The developmental benefits of ethnic-racial socialization practices depend on the type of socialization strategies that parents use. The consequences of race socialization for ethnic-racial minority children's adjustment also depend on individual and contextual factors. Knowledge of these socialization practices including their developmental implications can help teachers and social workers to enhance ethnic minority children's positive development in middle childhood. In addition to providing a definition of ethnic-racial socialization, the chapter expounds on the types of strategies parents of color use. It also discusses variation in the use of these strategies across subgroups (e.g., Black American, Latino, Asian American, Native American, Native Hawaiian, and multiracial). Furthermore, it explains the implications of these strategies for children's adjustment, particularly in middle childhood. The chapter concludes with identifying limitations of the current literature and making suggestions for future research.
- Subjects
CHILDREN of minorities; ETHNIC groups; SOCIALIZATION; RACIAL minorities; PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation
- Publication
Journal of Communications Research, 2013, Vol 5, Issue 2, p227
- ISSN
1935-3537
- Publication type
Article