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- Title
Emergence of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae complex co-harboring bla<sub>IMP-1</sub> and mcr-9 in Japan.
- Authors
Kananizadeh, Pegah; Oshiro, Satoshi; Watanabe, Shin; Iwata, Shu; Kuwahara-Arai, Kyoko; Shimojima, Masahiro; Ogawa, Miho; Tada, Tatsuya; Kirikae, Teruo
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>The spread of Enterobacteriaceae producing both carbapenemases and Mcr, encoded by plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes, has become a serious public health problem worldwide. This study describes three clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae complex co-harboring blaIMP-1 and mcr-9 that were resistant to carbapenem but susceptible to colistin.<bold>Methods: </bold>Thirty-two clinical isolates of E. cloacae complex non-susceptible to carbapenems were obtained from patients at 14 hospitals in Japan. Their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by broth microdilution methods and E-tests. Their entire genomes were sequenced by MiSeq and MinION methods. Multilocus sequence types were determined and a phylogenetic tree constructed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alignment of whole genome sequencing data.<bold>Results: </bold>All 32 isolates showed MICs of ≥2 μg/ml for imipenem and/or meropenem. Whole-genome analysis revealed that all these isolates harbored blaIMP-1, with three also harboring mcr-9. These three isolates showed low MICs of 0.125 μg/ml for colistin. In two of these isolates, blaIMP-1 and mcr-9 were present on two separate plasmids, of sizes 62 kb and 280/290 kb, respectively. These two isolates did not possess a qseBC gene encoding a two-component system, which is thought to regulate the expression of mcr-9. In the third isolate, however, both blaIMP-1 and mcr-9 were present on the chromosome.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>The mcr-9 is silently distributed among carbapenem-resistant E. cloacae complex isolates, of which are emerging in hospitals in Japan. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolates of E. cloacae complex harboring both blaIMP-1 and mcr-9 in Japan.
- Subjects
JAPAN; ENTEROBACTER cloacae; SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms; NUCLEOTIDE sequencing; CARBAPENEMS
- Publication
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2020, Vol 20, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1471-2334
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1186/s12879-020-05021-7