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- Title
Germination potential and methods for overcoming seed dormancy for domesticated and wild annatto populations after two years of storage.
- Authors
Ferreira do Nascimento, Wellington; Gonçalves Bastos, Fabiana; Dequigiovanni, Gabriel; Gomes Fabri, Eliane; Zucchi, Maria Imaculada; Roland Clement, Charles; Ann Veasey, Elizabeth
- Abstract
Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is an arboreal species domesticated in Amazonia from its wild ancestor (B. orellana var. urucurana). Bixin extracted from its orthodox seeds is a natural dye widely used in the food industry. This study evaluated methods to overcome seed dormancy and determine the germination potential, comparing domesticated and wild annatto populations. Seeds from two domesticatedtype populations and two families of a wild-type population, stored for two years after field collection, were submitted to five treatments to overcome dormancy: T1 - control; T2 - mechanical scarification (with sandpaper); T3 - mechanical scarification (with sandpaper) + immersion in water at 36 °C overnight (12 hours); T4 - immersion in water at room temperature (23 °C, on average) for 24 h; T5 - immersion in concentrated sulfuric acid (95 - 98%) for 15 min + running water for 3 min. Highly significant differences (P < 0.001) were observed in the germination percentage of annatto seeds between wild and domesticated types, and among the treatments tested. Domesticated types showed higher germination percentage (10 - 58%) over all treatments when compared to the wild type (0 - 44%). The best treatments were those performed with mechanical scarification. Given the simplicity, we concluded that mechanical scarification with sandpaper is a good alternative to overcome dormancy of annatto seeds.
- Subjects
SEED dormancy; GERMINATION; WATER immersion; WATER temperature; NATURAL dyes &; dyeing; SULFURIC acid
- Publication
Ciência Rural, 2022, Vol 52, Issue 5, p1
- ISSN
0103-8478
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1590/0103-8478cr20210119