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- Title
The footprint of gut microbiota in gallbladder cancer: a mechanistic review.
- Authors
Shujie Liu; Weijian Li; Jun Chen; Maolan Li; Yajun Geng; Yingbin Liu; Wenguang Wu
- Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is themost commonmalignant tumor of the biliary system with the worst prognosis. Even after radical surgery, the majority of patients with GBC have difficulty achieving a clinical cure. The risk of tumor recurrence remains more than 65%, and the overall 5-year survival rate is less than 5%. The gut microbiota refers to a variety of microorganisms living in the human intestine, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, which profoundly affect the host state of general health, disease and even cancer. Over the past few decades, substantial evidence has supported that gut microbiota plays a critical role in promoting the progression of GBC. In this review, we summarize the functions, molecular mechanisms and recent advances of the intestinal microbiota in GBC. We focus on the driving role of bacteria in pivotal pathways, such as virulence factors, metabolites derived from intestinal bacteria, chronic inflammatory responses and ecological niche remodeling. Additionally,we emphasize the high level of correlation between viruses and fungi, especially EBV and Candida spp., with GBC. In general, this review not only provides a solid theoretical basis for the close relationship between gut microbiota and GBC but also highlights more potential research directions for further research in the future.
- Subjects
GALLBLADDER cancer; GUT microbiome; ECOLOGICAL niche; DISEASE relapse; SURVIVAL rate; BIFIDOBACTERIUM; EPSTEIN-Barr virus
- Publication
Frontiers in Cellular & Infection Microbiology, 2024, p01
- ISSN
2235-2988
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fcimb.2024.1374238