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- Title
Gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound characteristics of endometrial cancer in relation to stage, grade and tumor size.
- Authors
Epstein E; Van Holsbeke C; Mascilini F; Måsbäck A; Kannisto P; Ameye L; Fischerova D; Zannoni G; Vellone V; Timmerman D; Testa AC; Epstein, E; Van Holsbeke, C; Mascilini, F; Måsbäck, A; Kannisto, P; Ameye, L; Fischerova, D; Zannoni, G; Vellone, V
- Abstract
<bold>Objectives: </bold>To describe the gray-scale and vascular characteristics of endometrial cancer in relation to stage, grade and size using two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasound. <bold>Methods: </bold>This was a prospective multicenter study including 144 women with endometrial cancer undergoing transvaginal ultrasound before surgery. The sonographic characteristics assessed were echogenicity, endometrial/myometrial border, fibroids, vascular pattern, color score and tumor/uterus anteroposterior (AP) ratio. Histological assessment of tumor stage, grade, type and growth pattern was performed. <bold>Results: </bold>Hyperechoic or isoechoic tumors were more often seen in Stage IA cancer, whereas mixed or hypoechoic tumors were more often found in cancers of Stage IB or greater (P = 0.003). Hyperechogenicity was more common in Grade 1-2 tumors (i.e. well or moderately differentiated) (P = 0.02) and in tumors with a tumor/uterine AP ratio of < 50% (P = 0.002), whereas a non-hyperechoic appearance was more commonly found in Grade 3 tumors (i.e. poorly differentiated) and in tumors with a tumor/uterine AP ratio of ≥ 50%. Multiple global vessels were more often seen in tumors of Stage IB or greater than in Stage IA tumors (P = 0.02), in Grade 3 tumors than in Grade 1 and 2 tumors (P = 0.02) and in tumors with a tumor/uterine AP ratio of ≥ 50% (P < 0.001). A moderate/high color score was significantly more common in tumors of higher stage (P = 0.03) and larger size (P = 0.001). <bold>Conclusion: </bold>The sonographic appearance of endometrial cancer is significantly associated with tumor stage, grade and size. More advanced tumors often have a mixed/hypoechoic echogenicity, a higher color score and multiple globally entering vessels, whereas less advanced tumors are more often hyperechoic and have no or a low color score.
- Publication
Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2011, Vol 38, Issue 5, p586
- ISSN
0960-7692
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1002/uog.9038