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- Title
Review on Tourist Destination Governance in Foreign Countries.
- Authors
WANG Jingchuan; LI Tianyuan
- Abstract
Governance is an emerging paradigm for optimizing the destination management model. This paper reviews 132 papers from outside China that study 'tourism governance', 'destination governance' and 'tourism partnership' . First, this paper investigates the number of papers that are considering destination governance. This study finds that that the governance paradigm was first introduced as a concept in tourism research in 1993. We then analyze the spatial distribution of the destination governance research papers and find that most of them focus on European countries. Most of the 132 papers are based on in applied research, with only three being theoretical research. Second, this paper analyzes the details of the research of 132 papers. We focus particularly on seven aspects, some of which we have amalgamated here. The first aspect is the conception and connotation of destination governance. Foreign research discusses this aspect from three perspectives; government management, social self-governance and social co-governance. The second aspect is the significance of destination governance. Foreign papers put forward the notion because it integrates government and non-government resources, destination governance can improve destination competitiveness, promote destination sustainable development, and effectively execute the tourism plan. The third aspect focused on how foreign research has investigated destination governance modes and how they have undertaken an evaluation of these. The research papers propose diversified management modes and view "good governance" as the evaluation standard of destination governance. The fourth aspect that was focused on was how foreign research dealt with multilevel destination governance. We found that foreign research has studied seven levels, ranging from the global to the local. Of these, most focus on local and community destinations. The fifth aspect was how foreign research studied destination partnership governance. We found that foreign research studied two topics; the developing process of partnerships, and the evaluation of the partnerships. The research ascertains that tourism partnerships, especially public-private partnerships, are dynamic processes and should be evaluated according to different standards (for example; partners' representativeness, commitment to partnership, production efficiency, and social learning). The sixth aspect focused on collaborative destination governance. Foreign research has investigated the characteristics of several case studies and concluded that collaborative partners should focus on the positive benefits of collaboration and not on self-interest and self-development. The final aspect was how foreign research deals with destination network governance. Foreign research focuses on the formation process and the structural features of the destination network. Finally, this paper analyzes, in depth, the shortage of foreign research and provides relevant propositions for further research on destination governance. Specifically, further research on destination governance should accurately combine the two concepts of destination and governance to construct an overall theory system of destination governance. This theory should focus on affairs ( such as the supply of tourism public service, and the protection of destination environment) ; to extend the scope of research; expanding the geographical distribution of the research to improve the applicability of research conclusions; establishing an effective participation mechanism for relevant stakeholders; and exploring the adaptability of destination governance in developing countries, especially in China.
- Subjects
CHINA; CORPORATE governance; DESTINATION management companies; TOURISM; ECONOMIC competition; SUSTAINABLE development
- Publication
Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan, 2013, Vol 28, Issue 6, p15
- ISSN
1002-5006
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3969/j.issn.1002-5006.2013.06.002