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- Title
Quadriceps Muscle Size, Quality, and Strength and Self-Reported Function in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
- Authors
Garcia, Steven A.; Moffit, Tyler J.; Vakula, Mike N.; Holmes, Skylar C.; Montgomery, Melissa M.; Pamukoff, Derek N.
- Abstract
Context: Ultrasound imaging provides a cost-effective method of measuring quadriceps morphology, which may be related to self-reported function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Objective: To compare quadriceps morphology and strength between limbs in individuals with ACLR and matched control limbs and determine their associations with self-reported function. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Forty-two individuals with ACLR (females = 66%; age = 21.8 6 2.6 years; time since ACLR = 50.5 6 29.4 months) and 37 controls (females = 73%; age = 21.7 6 1.2 years). Main Outcome Measure(s): Quadriceps peak torque (PT) and rate of torque development were assessed bilaterally. Ultrasonography was used to measure the cross-sectional area (CSA) and echo intensity (EI) of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis. Self-reported function was assessed via the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales. Paired-samples t tests were calculated to compare involved and uninvolved limbs. Independent t tests were conducted to compare groups (a = .05). Linear regression was performed to analyze associations between quadriceps function and self-reported function after accounting for time since ACLR, activity level, and sex, and models for EI added subcutaneous fat as a covariate. Results: Isometric PT did not differ between limbs or groups. Involved limbs had a lower rate of torque development compared with the control (P=.01) but not the uninvolved limbs (P = .08). Vastus lateralis CSA was smaller in the involved than in the uninvolved (P, .01) but not the control limbs (P = .10). Larger VL CSA (DR2 = 0.103) and lower VL EI (DR2 = 0.076) were associated with a higher IKDC score (P, .05). Larger VL CSA was associated with greater KOOS Symptoms (DR2 0.09, P = .043) and Sport and Recreation (DR2 = 0.125, P = .014) scores. Lower VL EI was associated with higher KOOS Symptoms (DR2 = 0.104, P = .03) and Quality of Life (DR2 = 0.113, P = .01) scores. Quadriceps PT and rate of torque development were not associated with IKDC or KOOS subscale scores. Conclusions: Quadriceps morphology was associated with self-reported function in individuals with ACLR and may provide unique assessments of quadriceps function.
- Subjects
ANTERIOR cruciate ligament surgery; LIFE skills; MUSCLE strength; REGRESSION analysis; SELF-evaluation; T-test (Statistics); THIGH; TORQUE; QUADRICEPS muscle; CROSS-sectional method; CASE-control method
- Publication
Journal of Athletic Training (Allen Press), 2020, Vol 55, Issue 3, p246
- ISSN
1062-6050
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4085/1062-6050-38-19