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- Title
脆弱与反脆弱:旅游业韧性研究进展与述评.
- Authors
叶欣梁; 何一; 孙瑞红
- Abstract
Tourism is an environmentally sensitive industry, which is vulnerable to major external shocks, especially in the context of the current pandemic. Resilience refers to a system’s ability to resist vulnerability. By building resilience, the tourism industry can absorb shocks more easily, restore growth more quickly, and achieve sustainable development. However, research on the concept of resilience in tourism is only at its infancy and the theoretical research on tourism resilience needs to be expanded urgently. This paper first explores the evolution of the concept of resilience, mapping how it has changed over time. The paper then provides analysis on the concept of resilience in the field of economic management, and summarizes the three core capabilities of resilience: Defense, recovery and adaptability. The paper also constructs tourism resilience based on some industrial characteristics of tourism. The paper constructs a tourism resilience framework based on three dimensions, being firstly, the macro level of tourism system resilience, followed by the meso level of supply resilience, demand resilience, structural resilience and management resilience, and finally down to the micro level of specific elements to enhance tourism resilience, such as tourism product competitiveness, market preference, industrial ecological structure, technological innovation, organizational culture. This paper concludes that tourism resilience is the ability to quickly build defense, learn to adapt, and finally innovate and evolve under the impact of tourism uncertainty. The second part of the paper include an intuitive and systematic review of the literature in the field of tourism resilience research around the evolution of resilience academic history, analysis of the cooperation between authors and institutions, and keyword co- occurrence analysis, through searching CNKI and WoS core databases and using CiteSpace visualization software. According to the annual distribution map of tourism industry resilience research literature, the tourism industry resilience research from 2002 to 2022 is divided into three stages: Initial stage (2002—2006), slow growth stage (2007—2016), and fast growth stage (2017—2022). The scholars whose English papers were cited most often include Ryan Plummer, C Michael Hall, etc., and the scholars whose Chinese papers are cited most often are Wu Qifu, etc. Griffith University and the University of Queensland are the most frequently cited research institutions abroad. Whereas commonly cited domestic research institutions include Huazhong Normal University, Sichuan Normal University and Nanjing Normal University. The keyword map reveals that the research topics in this field are diversified and relevant, which indicates that the toughness research is constantly deepening and full of vitality. Through analysing the context in which research on tourism resilience has been conducted, the paper acknowledges three main contexts, namely, the study of tourism resilience against the backdrop of changing ecological environments, socio-economic turbulence, and cultural shifts and conflicts. The theories related to resilience research involve adaptive cycle theory, crisis management theory, sustainable development theory, diversity theory, social ecosystem theory, vulnerability theory, chaos theory and complex adaptive system theory. The research methods of tourism resilience are relatively diversified, but mostly include qualitative research methods, such as case studies and interviews; quantitative methods such as double check and DEA; and research data from various channels, such as interviews, questionnaires, field surveys and panel data. Finally, according to the characteristics of different stakeholders in the tourism industry, including tourism organizations/enterprises, tourism destinations, consumer confidence and government, the paper summarizes the path of tourism resilience construction. Overall, the tourism industry’s in-depth insight into market changes and consumption trends, the adjustment and innovation of business strategies and business models, and the extensive exploration of alternative tourism and digital tourism will help tourism resist the impact of liquidity restrictions and changes in consumption trends, help restructure competitive core businesses, and promote the rapid recovery and long-term development of businesses to scale. The systematic review and comments on tourism resilience in this paper can provide new ideas for theoretical research and practical development in this field.
- Subjects
UNIVERSITY of Queensland; GRIFFITH University; INDUSTRIAL tourism; TOURISM impact; BUSINESS planning; TOURIST attractions; COMPLEXITY (Philosophy); BUSINESS tourism
- Publication
Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan, 2023, Vol 38, Issue 10, p31
- ISSN
1002-5006
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.19765/j.cnki.1002-5006.2022.00.040