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- Title
The endocrine disruptor butylparaben induces brain tissue damage via impairment of the anti-oxidant enyzme metabolism.
- Authors
Aydemir, Duygu; Öztaşçı, Burcu; Barlas, Nurhayat; Ulusu, Nuriye Nuray
- Abstract
Objective: Synthetic chemicals like endocrine disruptors affect both human and wildlife. Parabens belong to the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) family which leads to the impairment of the hormone metabolism. They are used more than 50 years in the industrial products including personal care products such as cosmetics, deodorants, toiletries, face creams, pharmaceuticals, children products and also used in the food and beverage processing as antimicrobial and anti-fungal preservatives. Some parts of butylparaben can not be metabolized and accumulates in the body that may lead to the disease formation, however impact of butylparaben on the anti-oxidant enzyme metabolism of the brain has not been studied before. Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups and butyl paraben was administered at 200, 400, 800 mg/kg/day for 14 days by daily oral gavage. Afterwards, 6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) enzyme activities were evaluated in the brain and histopathological changes were examined. Results: G6PD, 6-PGD, GR, GST and GPx activities significantly increased in the 400 and 800 mg/kg/day butylparabentreated groups compared to the control in the brain samples (p<0.0001). All enzyme activities showed peak at the 400 mg/kg/day dose groups, however, all anti-oxidant enzyme activities decreased in the 800 mg/kg/day butylparaben-treated groups compared to the 400 mg/kg/day group (p<0.0001). Furthermore GR and G6PD activities significantly elevated in 200 mg/kg/day butylparaben-treated group compared to the control (p<0.000'). In the brain parietal cortex, we observed many of hyperchromatic cells, especially in the high dose butylparaben-treated group. Conclusion: Butylparaben treatment can impair oxidative stress metabolism and causes tissue damage in brain. Our results supports the degenerative role of butylparaben on cellular reducing equivalent homeostasis. Butylparaben may not be as safe as initially thought, and this chemical has adverse effects on the cellular homeostasis and causes tissue damage in the brain.
- Subjects
ENDOCRINE disruptors; BRAIN damage; HYGIENE products; METABOLISM; GLUTATHIONE reductase; ENDOCRINE glands
- Publication
Anatomy: International Journal of Experimental & Clinical Anatomy, 2019, Vol 13, Issue S1, pS69
- ISSN
1307-8798
- Publication type
Article