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- Title
The Role of Natural and Synthetic Flavonoids in the Prevention of Marine Biofouling.
- Authors
Pereira, Daniela; Pinto, Madalena; Almeida, Joana R.; Correia-da-Silva, Marta; Cidade, Honorina
- Abstract
Marine biofouling is a major concern for the maritime industry, environment, and human health. Biocides which are currently used in marine coatings to prevent this phenomenon are toxic to the marine environment, and therefore a search for antifoulants with environmentally safe properties is needed. A large number of scientific papers have been published showing natural and synthetic compounds with potential to prevent the attachment of macro- and microfouling marine organisms on submerged surfaces. Flavonoids are a class of compounds which are highly present in nature, including in marine organisms, and have been found in a wide range of biological activities. Some natural and synthetic flavonoids have been evaluated over the last few years for their potential to prevent the settlement and/or the growth of marine organisms on submerged structures, thereby preventing marine biofouling. This review compiles, for the first-time, natural flavonoids as well as their synthetic analogues with attributed antifouling activity against macrofouling and microfouling marine organisms.
- Subjects
FOULING; SUBMERGED structures; MARINE organisms; BIOCIDES; FLAVONOIDS; SURFACE coatings
- Publication
Marine Drugs, 2024, Vol 22, Issue 2, p77
- ISSN
1660-3397
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/md22020077