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- Title
A case-crossover study of infectious diseases and new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.
- Authors
Shoshan, Aushrat; Sella, Tal; Shohat, Tamar; Goren, Iris; Shalev, Varda; Chodick, Gabriel
- Abstract
Background Infectious diseases have been associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes ( T1D). The objective of this case-crossover was to quantify the role of infectious diseases as triggers for T1D, 1 and 2 yr preceding disease diagnosis. Methods All children aged 2-18 yr diagnosed with T1D between 2004 and 2009 among a two million member Israeli healthcare organization were identified (n = 368). For each patient, visits to physicians with symptomatic infectious diseases during 1 and 2 yr before T1D diagnosis were collected and compared. A similar analysis was conducted in a population of non-diabetic members matched on exact date of birth, sex and socioeconomic status (n = 307). Results The rate of systemic viral infections was significantly higher in the year before T1D onset, as compared to the prior year [27 vs. 7%, respectively, odds ratio ( OR) = 4.7, 95% confidence intervals ( CI): 2.9-8.2]. This difference was most significant among patients diagnosed with T1D at the age of 2 to 6 (5 vs. 46%, respectively, OR = 27.0, 95% CI: 4.5-1105.4). Among non- T1D patients of the same age group, no difference was found in the proportion of patients with viral diseases 1 and 2 yr prior to T1D diagnosis (44 vs. 49%, respectively, OR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.4-1.6). This unique association was limited only to viral diseases and to patients diagnosed with T1D at young age. Conclusions Our results indicate that T1D occurring in toddlers is characterized with a relatively low incidence of viral disease 2 yr prior to diagnosis and a much higher incidence in the subsequent year.
- Subjects
COMMUNICABLE disease diagnosis; TYPE 1 diabetes; CONFIDENCE intervals; CROSSOVER trials; DIABETES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DATA analysis; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DIAGNOSIS
- Publication
Pediatric Diabetes, 2012, Vol 13, Issue 7, p583
- ISSN
1399-543X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1399-5448.2012.00886.x