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- Title
Extractability of 2,4-D, dicamba and MCPP from soil
- Authors
Atalay, Asmare; Hwang, Keon-Joong
- Abstract
The adsorption of herbicides on soil colloids is a major factor determining their mobility, persistence, and activity in soils. Solvent extraction could be a viable option for removing sorbed contaminants in soils. This study evaluated the extractability of three herbicides:2,4 dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D), 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxypropanoic acid (mecoprop acid or MCPP), and 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba). Three solvents (water, methanol, and iso-propanol) and three methods of extraction (column, batch, and soxhlet) were compared for their efficiencies in removing the herbicides from three soils (loamy sand, silt loam, and silty clay). Both linear and non-linear Freundlich isotherms were used to predict sorption intensity of herbicides on soils subjected to various extraction methods and conditions. High Kd and Kfr, and low N values were obtained for all herbicides in silty clay soil by batch extraction. Methanol was the best solvent removing approximately 97% of all added herbicides from the loamy sand either by column or soxhlet extraction method. Isopropanol ranked second by removing over 90% of all herbicides by soxhlet extraction from all three soils. However, water was ineffective in removing herbicides from any of the soils using any of thethree extracting procedures used in this study. In general, the extent of herbicide removal depended on soil type, herbicide concentration, extraction procedure, solvent type and amount, and extraction time."
- Subjects
HERBICIDES; SOIL chemistry; BIOREMEDIATION
- Publication
Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 1999, Vol 114, Issue 1-2, p155
- ISSN
0049-6979
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1023/A:1005005122760