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- Title
Canola bee pollen is an effective artificial diet additive for improving larval development of predatory coccinellids: a lesson from Harmonia axyridis.
- Authors
Sun, Yuan‐Xing; Chen, Ming‐Juan; Hao, Ya‐Nan; Wang, Sen‐Shan; Zhang, Chu‐Lin
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pollen is a common plant‐derived food source for predatory ladybird beetles under field conditions, yet the potential for pollen to improve the quality of artificial diets remains largely unexplored. In this study, we developed three pollen diets by incorporating varying proportions of canola bee pollen (7.5%, 15.0% and 22.5% with 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5% of water, respectively) into a conventional diet. The feeding efficiency of Harmonia axyridis, an omnivorous predator, was evaluated and compared on three pollen diets, a conventional nonpollen diet and pea aphids. RESULTS: The larvae fed a medium or high pollen diet exhibited significantly higher survival in the 4th instar, pupa and adult stages than those fed a nonpollen diet. These larvae also developed into significantly heavier adults, and their survival rates in adulthood were comparable to those fed pea aphids. Specifically, we revealed the underlying mechanisms through which a high pollen diet enhances pupal development. Consumption of high pollen diet versus nonpollen diet resulted not only in a significant decrease in pupal glycogen content, but also an increase in adult lipid content. Both diet treatments induced similar changes in carbohydrate and glycogen content compared to the aphid diet while exhibiting different alterations in pupal protein content and adult lipid content. Furthermore, the transcriptome analysis revealed that the nutrient metabolism, immune response, and cuticle development pathways were predominantly enriched among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). CONCLUSION: Canola bee pollen offers diverse advantages in terms of rearing H. axyridis larvae with an artificial diet, which will advance the development of effective diets for predaceous coccinellids. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
- Subjects
SOCIETY of Chemical Industry (Great Britain); BEE pollen; HARMONIA axyridis; CANOLA; PEA aphid; DIET; HONEYBEES; LADYBUGS
- Publication
Pest Management Science, 2024, Vol 80, Issue 6, p2920
- ISSN
1526-498X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/ps.8000