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- Title
Iodine Supplementation for Pregnancy and Lactation—United States and Canada: Recommendations of theAmerican Thyroid Association.
- Authors
David V. Becker; Lewis E. Braverman; François Delange; John T. Dunn; Jayne A. Franklyn; Joseph G. Hollowell; Steven H. Lamm; Marvin L. Mitchell; Elizabeth Pearce; Jacob Robbins; Joanne F. Rovet
- Abstract
The fetus is totally dependent in early pregnancy on maternal thyroxine for normal brain development. Adequatematernal dietary intake of iodine during pregnancy is essential for maternal thyroxine production andlater for thyroid function in the fetus. If iodine insufficiency leads to inadequate production of thyroid hormonesand hypothyroidism during pregnancy, then irreversible fetal brain damage can result. In the UnitedStates, the median urinary iodine (UI) was 168 µg/L in 2001–2002, well within the range of normal establishedby the World Health Organization (WHO), but whereas the UI of pregnant women (173 µg/L; 95% CI 75–229µg/L) was within the range recommended by WHO (150–249 µg/L), the lower 95% CI was less than 150 µg/L.Therefore, until additional physiologic data are available to make a better judgment, the American Thyroid Associationrecommends that women receive 150 µg iodine supplements daily during pregnancy and lactationand that all prenatal vitamin/mineral preparations contain 150 µg of iodine.
- Publication
Thyroid, 2006, Vol 16, Issue 10, p949
- ISSN
1050-7256
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1089/thy.2006.16.949