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- Title
Canine Distemper Outbreaks in Wild Carnivores in Northern Italy.
- Authors
Trogu, Tiziana; Canziani, Sabrina; Salvato, Sara; Bianchi, Alessandro; Bertoletti, Irene; Gibelli, Lucia Rita; Alborali, Giovanni Loris; Barbieri, Ilaria; Gaffuri, Alessandra; Sala, Giovanni; Sozzi, Enrica; Lelli, Davide; Lavazza, Antonio; Moreno, Ana; Helbig, Karla; Sarker, Subir
- Abstract
Canine distemper (CD) is a fatal, highly contagious disease of wild and domestic carnivores. In the Alpine territory, several outbreaks have occurred in the past few decades within wild populations. This study investigated the presence of canine distemper virus (CDV) infections in wild carnivores in Lombardy, relating to the different circulating genotypes. From 2018 to 2020, foxes, badgers, and martens collected during passive surveillance were subjected to necropsy and histological examination, showing classical signs and microscopic lesions related to CDV. Pools of viscera from each animal were analysed by molecular methods and immunoelectron microscopy. Total prevalences of 39.7%, 52.6%, and 14.3% were recorded in foxes, badgers, and stone martens, respectively. A phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences obtained belonged to the European 1 lineage and were divided into two different clades (a and b) according to the geographical conformation of alpine valleys included in the study. Clade a was related to the European outbreaks originating from Germany in 2006–2010, while clade b was closely related to the CDV sequences originating from northeastern Italy during the 2011–2018 epidemic wave. Our results suggest that CDV is currently well adapted to wild carnivores, mostly circulating with subclinical manifestations and without severe impact on the dynamics of these populations.
- Subjects
ITALY; NORTHERN Italy; ALPS; CANINE distemper virus; CARNIVOROUS animals; IMMUNOELECTRON microscopy; COMMUNICABLE diseases; POPULATION dynamics; VETERINARY autopsy; PROTEIN conformation
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2021, Vol 13, Issue 1, p99
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v13010099