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- Title
A New Cell Block Method for Multiple Immunohistochemical Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Liver Cancer.
- Authors
Soo Jeong Nam; Hyun Yang Yeo; Hee Jin Chang; Bo Hyun Kim; Eun Kyung Hong; Joong-Won Park
- Abstract
Purpose: We developed a new method of detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in liver cancer patients by constructing cell blocks from peripheral blood cells, including CTCs, followed by multiple immunohistochemical analysis. Materials and Methods: Cell blocks were constructed from the nucleated cell pellets of peripheral blood after removal of red blood cells. The blood cell blocks were obtained from 29 patients with liver cancer, and from healthy donor blood spiked with seven cell lines. The cell blocks and corresponding tumor tissues were immunostained with antibodies to seven markers: cytokeratin (CK), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), CK18, ?-fetoprotein (AFP), Glypican 3, and HepPar1. Results: The average recovery rate of spiked SW620 cells from blood cell blocks was 91%. CTCs were detected in 14 out of 29 patients (48.3%); 11/23 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), 1/2 cholangiocarcinomas (CC), 1/1 combined HCC-CC, and 1/3 metastatic cancers. CTCs from 14 patients were positive for EpCAM (57.1%), EMA (42.9%), AFP (21.4%), CK18 (14.3%), Gypican3 and CK (7.1%, each), and HepPar1 (0%). Patients with HCC expressed EpCAM, EMA, CK18, and AFP in tissue and/or CTCs, whereas CK, HepPar1, and Glypican3 were expressed only in tissue. Only EMA was significantly associated with the expressions in CTC and tissue. CTC detection was associated with higher T stage and portal vein invasion in HCC patients. Conclusion: This cell block method allows cytologic detection and multiple immunohistochemical analysis of CTCs. Our results show that tissue biomarkers of HCC may not be useful for the detection of CTC. EpCAM could be a candidate marker for CTCs in patients with HCC.
- Subjects
METASTASIS; LIVER cancer patients; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; BIOMARKERS; CELL adhesion molecules; ALPHA fetoproteins; GENE expression; DIAGNOSIS
- Publication
Cancer Research & Treatment, 2016, Vol 48, Issue 4, p1229
- ISSN
1598-2998
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4143/crt.2015.500