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- Title
Divergent Pathogenesis and Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in Swine.
- Authors
Arruda, Bailey; Vincent Baker, Amy L.; Buckley, Alexandra; Anderson, Tavis K.; Torchetti, Mia; Bergeson, Nichole Hines; Killian, Mary Lea; Lantz, Kristina
- Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have potential to cross species barriers and cause pandemics. Since 2022, HPAI A(H5N1) belonging to the goose/Guangdong 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin phylogenetic clade have infected poultry, wild birds, and mammals across North America. Continued circulation in birds and infection of multiple mammalian species with strains possessing adaptation mutations increase the risk for infection and subsequent reassortment with influenza A viruses endemic in swine. We assessed the susceptibility of swine to avian and mammalian HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b strains using a pathogenesis and transmission model. All strains replicated in the lung of pigs and caused lesions consistent with influenza A infection. However, viral replication in the nasal cavity and transmission was only observed with mammalian isolates. Mammalian adaptation and reassortment may increase the risk for incursion and transmission of HPAI viruses in feral, backyard, or commercial swine.
- Subjects
GUANGDONG Sheng (China); NORTH America; AVIAN influenza; SWINE; H7N9 Influenza; BIRD infections; NASAL cavity; INFLUENZA viruses
- Publication
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2024, Vol 30, Issue 4, p738
- ISSN
1080-6040
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3201/eid3004.231141