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- Title
Association between Spatial Access to Food Outlets, Frequency of Grocery Shopping, and Objectively-Assessed and Self-Reported Fruit and Vegetable Consumption.
- Authors
McGuirt, Jared T.; Jilcott Pitts, Stephanie B.; Gustafson, Alison
- Abstract
Because supermarkets are a critical part of the community food environment, the purpose of this paper is to examine the association between accessibility to the supermarket where participants were surveyed, frequency of shopping at the supermarket, and self-reported and objectively-assessed fruit and vegetable consumption. Accessibility was assessed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) measured distance and multiple versions of the modified Retail Food Environment Index (mRFEI), including a localized road network buffer version. Frequency of shopping was assessed using self-report. The National Cancer Institute Fruit and Vegetable screener was used to calculate daily servings of fruits and vegetables. Skin carotenoids were assessed using the "Veggie Meter™" which utilizes reflection spectroscopy to non-invasively assess skin carotenoids as an objective measure of fruit and vegetable consumption. Bivariate and multivariable statistics were used to examine the associations in RStudio. There was a positive association between skin carotenoids and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC) and mRFEI scores, suggesting that WIC participation and a healthier food environment were associated with objectively-assessed fruit and vegetable consumption (skin carotenoids). Future research should examine these associations using longitudinal study designs and larger sample sizes.
- Subjects
CAROTENOID analysis; FOOD habits; FOOD relief; FRUIT; GEOGRAPHIC information systems; INGESTION; MULTIVARIATE analysis; SELF-evaluation; SHOPPING; SKIN; SPECTRUM analysis; STATISTICS; SURVEYS; VEGETABLES; NATIONAL Cancer Institute (U.S.)
- Publication
Nutrients, 2018, Vol 10, Issue 12, p1974
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu10121974