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- Title
Effect of a Hepatitis A Vaccination Campaign During a Hepatitis A Outbreak in Taiwan, 2015–2017: A Modeling Study.
- Authors
Lin, Kuan-Yin; Sun, Hsin-Yun; Chen, Yi-Hsuan; Lo, Yi-Chun; Hsieh, Szu-Min; Sheng, Wang-Huei; Chuang, Yu-Chung; Pan, Sung-Ching; Cheng, Aristine; Hung, Chien-Ching; Fang, Chi-Tai; Chang, Shan-Chwen
- Abstract
Background Beginning from 2015–2016, unprecedented large outbreaks of acute hepatitis A that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) reemerged across the continents. We assessed the impact of an early initiated hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination campaign that targeted MSM living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during the 2015–2017 hepatitis A outbreak in Taiwan. Methods First, we ascertained the effectiveness of HAV vaccination for MSM living with HIV using a nested case-control study of 1470 persons living with HIV who were initially HAV-seronegative. We then fitted a model of HAV transmission among MSM, risk-structured by HIV status, to the actual epidemic curve of reported acute hepatitis A cases in Taiwan during 2015–2017. Results Fifty-five cases of acute hepatitis A were matched to 220 controls. Single-dose and 2-dose HAV vaccination provided protection rates of 96.1% and 97.8% among recipient MSM living with HIV, respectively. Model fitting yielded basic reproductive number estimates of 7.26 (MSM living with HIV) and 3.04 (MSM not living with HIV). In a counterfactual scenario without an HAV vaccination campaign, the outbreak would have involved 7153 hepatitis A cases during 2015–2017 in contrast to the 1352 that were observed. We therefore estimated that the HAV vaccination campaign averted 80.7% (sensitivity analysis, 48.8%–92.7%) of acute hepatitis A cases that would otherwise have occurred by the end of 2017. Conclusions The early initiated HAV vaccination campaign, which targeted MSM living with HIV, very effectively curtailed the 2015–2017 hepatitis A outbreak in Taiwan.
- Subjects
TAIWAN; PREVENTION of epidemics; HEPATITIS A transmission; PREVENTION of infectious disease transmission; HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS A vaccines; HIV-positive persons; IMMUNIZATION; EVALUATION of medical care; MEDICAL protocols; CASE-control method; ACUTE diseases; MEN who have sex with men; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020, Vol 70, Issue 8, p1742
- ISSN
1058-4838
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/cid/ciz471