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- Title
Influence of Sex, Body Mass Index, and Age on Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Against Measles After a Third Dose of Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine.
- Authors
Quach, Huy Quang; Chen, Jun; Monroe, Jonathon M; Ratishvili, Tamar; Warner, Nathaniel D; Grill, Diane E; Haralambieva, Iana H; Ovsyannikova, Inna G; Poland, Gregory A; Kennedy, Richard B
- Abstract
Background A third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR3) is recommended in mumps outbreak scenarios, but the immune response and the need for widespread use of MMR3 remain uncertain. Herein, we characterized measles-specific immune responses to MMR3 in a cohort of 232 healthy subjects. Methods Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were sampled at day 0 and day 28 after MMR3. Measles-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies were quantified in sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a microneutralization assay, respectively. PBMCs were stimulated with inactivated measles virus, and the release of cytokines/chemokines was assessed by a multiplex assay. Demographic variables of subjects were examined for potential correlations with immune outcomes. Results Of the study participants, 95.69% and 100% were seropositive at day 0 and day 28, respectively. Antibody avidity significantly increased from 38.08% at day 0 to 42.8% at day 28 (P =.00026). Neutralizing antibodies were significantly enhanced, from 928.7 at day 0 to 1289.64 mIU/mL at day 28 (P =.0001). Meanwhile, cytokine/chemokine responses remained largely unchanged. Body mass index was significantly correlated with the levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Conclusions Measles-specific humoral immune responses, but not cellular responses, were enhanced after MMR3 receipt, extending current understanding of immune responses to MMR3 and supporting MMR3 administration to seronegative or high-risk individuals.
- Subjects
MMR vaccines; BODY mass index; HUMORAL immunity; MONONUCLEAR leukocytes; CELLULAR aging; IMMUNE response
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2023, Vol 227, Issue 1, p141
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiac351