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- Title
Nanocząstki metali w zastosowaniach diagnostycznych i terapeutycznych.
- Authors
LIZOŃ, Anna; DROŻDŻ, Ryszard
- Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing area of research which finds many biomedical applications. Noble metal nanostructures, such as gold and silver, have attracted much attention due to their unique photothermal, chemical and optical properties. The most distinguishable physical property of metallic nanoparticles is their enhanced optical performance - strong light scattering and absorption, stemming from the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Nanoparticles have large surface-to-volume ratios, their surface is stable and chemically reactive which allows facile surface functionalization with various biological and organic molecules. Several methods can be used for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. The size and the shape of the nanoparticles can be controlled by the change of the reaction conditions used in the preparation. Due to all this properties laboratory tests based on the nanoparticles aggregation and shift of the LSPR have been developed. Nanomaterials can also be used as image agents and as platforms for drug and gene delivery. The ability for nanoparticles to heat the surrounding medium upon excitation is exploited in the cancer treatment method of plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT). Moreover, nanoparticles show antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activity which allows for their use in a direct therapy and as compounds of wound healing dressings. Additionally, multi-functional nanocomposites show promising applications in theranostics including bio-imaging, diagnosis and therapy. Nevertheless, in order for nanostructures' successful use in biomedical applications, their long-term cytotoxicity and genotoxicity should be evaluated.
- Subjects
NANOMEDICAL research; PRECIOUS metals; METALS in medicine; NANOTECHNOLOGY &; health; SURFACE plasmon resonance; NANOSTRUCTURES; CYTOTOXINS; GENETIC toxicology
- Publication
Review of Medicine / Przeglad Lekarski, 2018, Vol 75, Issue 9, p457
- ISSN
0033-2240
- Publication type
Article