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- Title
Effects of sleep and circadian rhythm on the human immune system.
- Authors
Lange, Tanja; Dimitrov, Stoyan; Born, Jan
- Abstract
Many immune parameters show systematic fluctuations over the 24-h day in human blood. Circulating naive T-cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-12 (IL-12), peak during nighttime, whereas cytotoxic effector leukocytes and production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 peak during daytime. These temporal changes originate from a combined influence of the circadian system and sleep. Both brain functions act synergistically and share neuroendocrine effector mechanisms to convey control over immune functions. Sympathetic tone and cortisol levels show a circadian nadir during nighttime and are further suppressed by sleep, whereas growth hormone and prolactin show a circadian peak during nighttime and are further enhanced by sleep. Thus, the circadian system and sleep jointly evoke a unique endocrine constellation that is extremely effective in inducing changes in leukocyte traffic and a shift toward proinflammatory type 1-cytokines during the nocturnal period of sleep, that is, an action with strong clinical implications.
- Subjects
IMMUNE system; SLEEP; CIRCADIAN rhythms; INTERLEUKIN-12; ANTINEOPLASTIC agents
- Publication
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2010, Vol 1193, Issue 1, p48
- ISSN
0077-8923
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05300.x