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- Title
Effect of Zn<sup>2+</sup>-Zr<sup>4+</sup> co-substitution on structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of Ba<sub>0.5</sub>Ca<sub>0.5</sub>Zn<sub>x</sub>Zr<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>12−2x</sub>O<sub>19</sub> hexaferrite.
- Authors
Godara, Sachin Kumar; Meena, Sher Singh; Jasrotia, Rohit; Prakash, Jyoti; Verma, Ankit; Singh, Ranjit; Srivastava, A. K.; Singh, Mandeep; Maji, Pradip K.; Jain, Ankit; Sood, Ashwani Kumar; Ahmed, Jahangeer; Alshehri, Saad M.; Mehtab, Amir; Ahmad, Tokeer; Hossain, Aslam; Kandwal, Abhishek
- Abstract
In present study, M-type hexaferrite, Ba0.5Ca0.5ZnxZrxFe12−2xO19 (x = 0.00–1.00 with increment of 0.2 per step) were fabricated by the conventional sol-gel technique. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns certified the exchange of Fe3+ ions by Zn2+-Zr4+ ions. Both the lattice parameters ‘a’ and ‘c’ have raised from 5.885 (x = 0.00) to 5.926 Å (x = 1.0), and from 23.091 (x = 0.00) to 23.455 Å (x = 1.00), respectively. FESEM micrographs display a slight drop in the size of grains with doping. The maximum saturation magnetization (MS ≈73.31 emu/g) was detected for x = 0.2 configuration, that is larger than observed value of MS of 72.0 emu/g for pure barium hexaferrite material. The value of coercivity (HC) declines significantly from 2151 to 161 Oe with the increase of Zn2+-Zr4+ doping. Mössbauer spectra have been recorded to determine the preferential site occupancy by Zn2+-Zr4+ dopant ions and also the ionic state of Fe-ions. A Mössbauer spectrum shows a doublet and five sextets. All components are in a high spin state as a result of the Fe3+ ions. The magnetically hard material is converted into a magnetically soft one with the incorporation of Zn2+-Zr4+ dopants. The decreasing trend in Ms is also verified by the Mössbauer results. With Zn2+-Zr4+ co-substitution, the average values of hyperfine field (Hf) decrease from 46.5 (x = 0.0) to 36.9 T (x = 1.0), whereas the comparative size of paramagnetic doublet is increased from 0.5 (x = 0.00) to 12.6% (x = 1.00). These samples have superior saturation magnetization (45.42–71.50 emu/g) and coercivity (161–2151 Oe) with substitution, which can be vital for both low- and high-density magnetic recording media applications. From the dielectric measurements of Ba0.5Ca0.5ZnxZrxFe12−2xO19 (x = 0.0–1.0) hexaferrites, it was observed that the dielectric constant was improved as the Zn2+-Zr4+ co-substitution increased up to x = 0.80. After that, it started to go down for x = 0.20. In addition, the dielectric study suggests dielectric loss (tan δ ) capability within the prepared hexaferrites which makes them also suitable for the EMI shielding application.
- Publication
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2023, Vol 34, Issue 15, p1
- ISSN
0957-4522
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10854-023-10577-6