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- Title
Swell wave propagation and its characteristics while approaching the Indian Coast.
- Authors
Sreelakshmi, S.; Bhaskaran, Prasad K.
- Abstract
A proper understanding on the local wind-wave climate is essential and of great importance for sustainable developments in the offshore and coastal waters. This study investigates the response of distant swells at various locations along coastal regions that is generated thousands of kilometers away. Utilizing the ESTELA (Evaluating the Source and Travel-time of the wave Energy reaching a Local Area) method, this study investigated the travel time for swell wave energy to arrive at the Indian coast, including Lakshadweep archipelago and the Andaman Islands. Based on historical data of 42 years, the study revealed that extreme wave energy generated in the western regions of the extratropical south Indian Ocean reaches the North Indian Ocean (NIO) with an average travel time of 7–8 days during all the seasons. The study defines a peculiar directional feature of the northeast monsoonal winds and associated swells that move southwards parallel to the west coast of India, and reaching the mid-Kerala coast. It is seen that southwest monsoonal wave field dominates the extratropical swells in the NIO during June-September, when both are at their maximum potential. The presence of Sri Lanka and Lakshadweep Islands are paramount in attenuating and redistributing the wave energy along the Tamil Nadu and Kerala coasts. During the non-monsoon months, the northwesterly swells (Shamal and Makran), northeast monsoon swells, Southern Ocean swells, and cyclone generated swells significantly modify the NIO wind-wave climate. The study demonstrates the long-term analysis of swell systems signifying their dominance on the local wave system, persistence, and variability in the NIO region.
- Subjects
THEORY of wave motion; OCEAN waves; TRAVEL time (Traffic engineering); ROGUE waves; TERRITORIAL waters; WIND waves; COASTS
- Publication
Climate Dynamics, 2023, Vol 60, Issue 5/6, p1271
- ISSN
0930-7575
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00382-022-06378-y