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- Title
FARMAKOTERAPIJA U LIJEČENJU SPASTICITETA.
- Authors
KRAGULJAC, DARKO
- Abstract
Spasticity is a painful and disabling motor disorder that greatly contributes to the disability of a patient. When the spasticity is very noticeable and uncontrolled it endangers the patient, makes it difficult or impossible to perform everyday life activities, decreases the volume of movement, makes walking and sitting worse, causes pain and depression, distresses the dream, leads to contractures, luxation and decubitus wounds. Spasticity treatment is imperative for symptomatic therapies as it improves physical, mental and social habilitation/rehabilitation of patients, while saving the cost of further treatment. The pharmacological treatment of spasticity has a major contribution to the treatment of patients and is a great support to physical therapy. Among the most commonly used pharmacologic drugs, Botulinum toxin type A is used to block neuromuscular transmission and to treat spasticity, most commonly in children with cerebral palsy although its application is also found in numerous other states of spasticity. Subsequently followed by baclofen, primarily designed for the treatment of epilepsy where it proved unsuccessful, but was found to treat muscle spasticity. We also use benzodiazepines whose calming, relaxing and sleeping activity is based on the strengthening of gamma-butyric acid neuroprioride activity (GABA-A), then gabapentin that binds with high affinity to the α2δ (alpha-2-delta) subunit voltage-controlled calcium channel and it is believed that binding to the α2δ subunit causes inhibition of certain calcium channels and consequently has an anticonvulsive effect. There is also tizanidine which is an α-adrenergic receptor agonist of the central nervous system at the supraspinal and spinal levels. And at the end, there are also cannabinoids that are currently being heavily researched for the treatment of spasticity.
- Subjects
BOTULINUM A toxins; SPASTICITY; CALCIUM channels; CHILDREN with cerebral palsy; THERAPEUTICS; ADRENERGIC receptors; BUTYRIC acid; SLEEP
- Publication
Paediatria Croatica, Supplement, 2019, Vol 63, p120
- ISSN
1330-724X
- Publication type
Article