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- Title
Ginsenoside Rb1, A Major Saponin from Panax ginseng, Exerts Protective Effects Against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice.
- Authors
Ren, Shen; Leng, Jing; Xu, Xing-Yue; Jiang, Shuang; Wang, Ying-Ping; Yan, Xiao-Tong; Liu, Zhi; Chen, Chen; Wang, Zi; Li, Wei
- Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) induced by acetaminophen (APAP) is the main cause of drug-induced liver injury. Previous reports indicated liver failure could be alleviated by saponins (ginsenosides) from Panax ginseng against APAP-induced inflammatory responses in vivo. However, validation towards ginsenoside Rb1 as a major and marker saponin may protect liver from APAP-induced ALI and its mechanisms are poorly elucidated. In this study, the protective effects and the latent mechanisms of Rb1 action against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated. Rb1 was administered orally with 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg daily for 1 week before a single injection of APAP (250 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h after the last treatment of Rb1. Serum alanine/aspartate aminotransferases (ALT/AST), liver glutathione (GSH) depletion, as well as the inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), were analyzed to indicate the underlying protective effects of Rb1 against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity with significant inflammatory responses. Histological examination further proved Rb1's protective effects. Importantly, Rb1 mitigated the changes in the phosphorylation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt, as well as its downstream factor NF- κ B. In conclusion, experimental data clearly demonstrated that Rb1 exhibited a remarkable liver protective effect against APAP-induced ALI, partly through regulating MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways-mediated inflammatory responses.
- Subjects
ACETAMINOPHEN; ANIMAL experimentation; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; FLUORESCENT antibody technique; GINSENG; GLYCOSIDES; HEPATOTOXICOLOGY; LIVER diseases; LIVER function tests; CHINESE medicine; MICE; RESEARCH funding; WESTERN immunoblotting; PLANT extracts; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; ONE-way analysis of variance
- Publication
American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2019, Vol 47, Issue 8, p1815
- ISSN
0192-415X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1142/S0192415X19500927