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- Title
Residential indoor lead dust concentration in Omaha, Nebraska.
- Authors
Zijian Qin; Achutan, Chandran
- Abstract
Children's exposure to lead has been a longstanding concern in Omaha, Nebraska. In 1999, the Environmental Protection Agency declared 8,840 acres of Omaha as a residential Superfund site. Approximately 84,000 homes in Omaha were built before 1978 when indoor paint containing lead was banned in the US. Additionally, residents who live in these neighborhoods are often of low sociodemographic status, making this an environmental justice issue. This study examined the differences between interior lead dust concentrations in homes within Omaha's Superfund site compared to those outside. We also examined sociodemographic variables and familial attributes of those residing in 366 homes within Omaha's Superfund Site, to determine factors that predicted elevated indoor lead dust concentrations. Approximately 50% of homes in this study had a windowsill or floor lead dust concentration higher than the EPA standard of 100 microgram per square foot (µg/ft2) for windowsills and 10 µg/ft2 for floor. We found that homes inside the Omaha Superfund site had significantly higher average (7,507 vs. 224 µg/ft2, p < 0.05) and median (130 vs. 42 µg/ft2, p < 0.05) indoor lead dust concentrations than those outside of Superfund site. African American residents within the Omaha Superfund Site had higher odds of exposure to interior lead dust, compared to Caucasians (Adjusted odds ratio = 4.90, 95% confidence interval: 2.43, 9.85). Besides race and ethnicity, elevated indoor lead dust concentration was also associated with lower household income and being without health insurance. These findings contribute to local lead prevention development that can break the cycle of children's environmental health disparities.
- Subjects
NEBRASKA; RISK factors of environmental exposure; HOME environment; POLLUTANTS; ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring; DUST; CONFIDENCE intervals; CROSS-sectional method; INDOOR air pollution; RACE; MANN Whitney U Test; ENVIRONMENTAL health; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; INCOME; T-test (Statistics); HEALTH insurance; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; RESIDENTIAL patterns; SMOKING; ODDS ratio; LOGISTIC regression analysis; DATA analysis software; LEAD; SECONDARY analysis; INSURANCE
- Publication
International Public Health Journal, 2021, Vol 13, Issue 4, p441
- ISSN
1947-4989
- Publication type
Article