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- Title
The Use of Microwave Assisted Extraction and On-line Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Determining Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds in Sewage Sludges.
- Authors
Vega-Morales, T.; Sosa-Ferrera, Z.; Santana-Rodríguez, J.
- Abstract
A new analytical methodology based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) after microwave assisted extraction, followed by a clean-up and preconcentration step with solid phase extraction (MAE-SPE) has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 11 endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), including alkylphenolic compounds, bisphenol A, and various synthetic and natural steroidal hormones, in sewage sludge samples. The effects of different variables on MAE-SPE were studied and optimised. The recoveries obtained were higher than 77 %, whereas the relative standard deviations were less than 9 %. The detection limits ranged between 0.1 and 0.7 ng g. The developed methodology was successfully applied to the assessment of the presence of EDCs to sewage sludge samples that were collected bimonthly during 1 year and a half from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). All compounds were consistently found in all the samples under study.
- Subjects
SEWAGE sludge; MICROWAVES; CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; MASS spectrometry; ENDOCRINE disruptors
- Publication
Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 2013, Vol 224, Issue 3, p1
- ISSN
0049-6979
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11270-013-1486-4