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- Title
Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Higher Intramyocellular Triglycerides in Type I but Not Type II Myocytes Concomitant With Higher Ceramide Content.
- Authors
Coen, Paul M.; Dubé, John J.; Amati, Francesca; Stefanovic-Racic, Maja; Ferrell, Robert E.; Toledo, Frederico G. S.; Goodpaster, Bret H.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE--We tested the primary hypotheses that sphingolipid and diacylglycerol (DAG) content is higher within insulin-resistant muscle and that the association between intramyocellular triglycerides (IMTG) and insulin resistance is muscle fiber type specific. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--A nested case-control analysis was conducted in 22 obese (BMI >30 kg/m²) women who were classified as insulin-resistant (IR; n = 12) or insulin-sensitive (IS; n = 10), determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (>30% greater in IS compared with IR, P < 0.01). Sphingolipid and DAG content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Fiber type-specific IMTG content was histologically determined. Gene expression was determined by quantitative PCR. RESULTS--Total (555 ± 53 vs. 293 ± 54 pmol/mg protein, P = 0.004), saturated (361 ± 29 vs. 179 ± 34 pmol/mg protein, P = 0.001), and unsaturated (198 ± 29 vs. 114 ± 21 pmol/mg protein, P = 0.034) ceramides were higher in IR compared with IS. DAG concentrations, however, were similar. IMTG content within type I myocytes, but not type II myocytes, was higher in IR compared with IS subjects (P = 0.005). Insulin sensitivity was negatively correlated with IMTG within type I myocytes (R = -0.51, P = 0.026), but not with IMTG within type II myocytes. The proportion of type I myocytes was lower (41 vs. 59%, P < 0.01) in IR subjects. Several genes involved in lipid droplet and fatty acid metabolism were differentially expressed in IR compared with IS subjects. CONCLUSIONS--Human skeletal muscle insulin resistance is related to greater IMTG content in type I but not type II myocytes, to greater ceramide content, and to alterations in gene expression associated with lipid metabolism. Diabetes 59: 80-88, 2010
- Subjects
INSULIN resistance; MUSCLES; SPHINGOLIPIDS; DIGLYCERIDES; MUSCLE cells; FATTY acids; GENE expression
- Publication
Diabetes, 2010, Vol 59, Issue 1, p80
- ISSN
0012-1797
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2337/db09-0988