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- Title
Limited value for urinary 5-HIAA excretion as prognostic marker in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours.
- Authors
Zandee, Wouter T.; Kamp, Kimberly; van Adrichem, Roxanne C. S.; Feelders, Richard A.; de Herder, Wouter W.
- Abstract
Objective: To determine if urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) excretion is of prognostic value for overall survival (OS) in patients with a gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumour (NET) and to compare the prognostic value with patient characteristics, ENETS/WHO grading, ENETS TNM staging and biomarkers. Design and methods: Data was collected from patients with a gastrointestinal NET or a NET with gastrointestinal metastases and available 5-HIAA excretion in 24-h urine samples. Laboratory results were stratified for urinary 5-HIAA and chromogranin A (CgA): <2x upper limit of normal (ULN), 2-10x ULN, or >10x ULN. For neuron-specific enolase (NSE), this was the reference range or >1x ULN. OS was compared using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests, and hazard ratios were calculated using Cox regression for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: A total of 371 patients were included, 46.6% female with a mean age of 59.9years. OS was shortest in patients with urinary 5-HIAA excretion >10x ULN vs reference range (median 83 months vs 141 months, P = 0.002). In univariate analysis, urinary 5-HIAA excretion >10x ULN was a negative predictor (HR 1.62, 95% CI: 1.09-2.39). However, in multivariate analysis, only age (HR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08), grade 3 disease (HR 5.09, 95% CI: 2.20-11.79), NSE>1x ULN (HR2.36, 95% CI: 1.34-4.14) and CgA >1 Ox ULN (HR 3.61, 95% CI: 1.56-8.34) remained as the predictors. Conclusion: Urinary 5-HIAA excretion >10x ULN is a negative predictor for OS. However, when added to other biomarkers and grading, it is no longer a predictor for OS. Therefore, it should only be determined to assess carcinoid syndrome and not for prognostic value.
- Subjects
NEUROENDOCRINE tumors; TUMOR markers; METASTASIS; ENOLASE; KAPLAN-Meier estimator; MULTIVARIATE analysis
- Publication
European Journal of Endocrinology, 2016, Vol 175, Issue 5, p361
- ISSN
0804-4643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1530/EJE-16-0392